摘要
中国进行不同类型的防护林系统建设始于50年代初期。经过40年的努力,其巨大的成功和这些林木特有的多用性,已引起了世界范围的关注。目前防护林网面积为3000万hm^2,可用林未体积为85000万m^3。防护林占全国造林总面积和森林恢复总面租的大约10%～13%,而且还提供了大量的林产品和非林产品。最近几年,防护林面积的年增量已经达到100万hm^2。中国森林覆盖率的逐年增加,并产生了显著的生态、经济和社会效益一定程度上就与此有关。发展防护林系统的主要限制因子是由于资金短缺、缺乏教育而造成的管理不力。对这些林木进行更好的管理,特进一步提高它们的经济、社会和环境效益。
The establishment of different protective forest systems started at the beginning of the 1950s in China. Now, after 40 years of efforts, the achievement attracts and deserves worldwide attention because of the generally successful results and the peculiar multipurpose nature of these forests. Presently, the established net area of protective forests is 30 million ha, with a usable stemwood volume of 850 million m3. Protective forests account for approximately 10-13% of the country's afforestation and reforestation, and they supply a multitude of wood and nonwood products. In recent years, the annual increase in their area has amounted to one million ha. Partly because of this activity, the forest cover has continuously increased in China, with considerable ecological, economic and social benefits. The major constraint in developing protective forest systems is that most of them are under poor management, primarily resulting from shortage of funding and training. Better management of these forests could further increase their economic, social and environmental benefits.
