去果穗玉米秸杆中营养物质变化及最佳青贮时间的研究

STUDIES ON NUTRIENT CHANGES AND OPTIMUM ENSILING TIME OF CORN STALK

对去果穗后不同时期的玉米秸杆中的水分、糖分，粗纤维、粗蛋白质含量的变化进行分析测定，得出其变化规律，从而指导农户适时青贮玉米秸杆。实验结果表明：高植株品种四单１９ 号玉米秸秆，在收果穗后第４ 至２０ｄ秸秆中蔗糖的含量比搿穗当天高１５．８％ ，粗蛋白增高２６４％ ，水分含量在２２ｄ 时为６２ ．３９ ％ ，最佳青贮时间为去果穗后２２ｄ 之内。矮小植株品种如冀承单３ 号在去果穗后１２ｄ 之内青贮为宜。去果穗后的玉米秸秆在植株叶片全部干枯之前，完全可以作为青贮原料。水分含量是影响去果穗玉米青贮的关键限制性因素。

The goal of this experiment was to study the changes of water,sugar,crude protein and crude fiber contents of corn stalk within the different time after corn ear was harvested and to determine the optimum time to ensile corn stalk.The expermental results showed that the sucrose and crude protein contents of sidan- 19corn stalk increased by 15.8% and 264% respecively within 4 to 20 days after corn ear was harvested as compared with those of corn stalk on the first day harvested and that the water content of corn stalk was 62.39% on the twenty second day. The optimum time to ensile corn stalk was within 22 days after corn ear was harvested for Sidan- 19 and was within 12 days for Jichendan-3 that was short-plant breed.Corn stalk before leaves were wholly dry-dead could be preserved as silage. Water content of corn stalk was a key factor affecting corn stalk silage.