白斑红点鲑人工繁殖

Artificial propagation of Salvelinus leucomaenis

于2007年至2009年,对白斑红点鲑进行了人工繁殖、胚胎发育和苗种驯化的研究。结果表明：白斑红点鲑在水温低于18℃水泥池中培育,3龄性腺发育成熟,亲鱼每年产卵均在水温降低至10℃时,且产卵时间比较一致,繁殖期雌雄性亲鱼形态区别明显,经统计4龄亲鱼怀卵量、受精率和孵化率均优于3龄亲鱼;白斑红点鲑受精卵为橙黄色沉性卵,具有卵膜较厚卵黄含量多,胚盘较小等特点,受精卵在水温4.56~8.17℃条件下,积温达到429.29℃.d开始孵化出膜,积温达到729.38℃.d开始摄食,此时卵黄囊吸收到1/2,苗种经过5个驯化阶段历时49 d,完成人工驯化,白斑红点鲑人工繁殖技术研究为人工养殖打下坚实技术基础。

We researched the artificial propagation,embryonic development and larvae acclimatization of Salvelinus leucomaenis from 2007 to 2009.The results showed that the gonad of 3-year-old Salvelinus leucomae-nis was matured when it was breeded in cement pit with water temperature under 18℃.The parent fish spawned when water temperature dropped to 10℃ every year,and the spawn time was the same.The shape distinction of female fish in idophase was obvious.To add up,the brood amount,fertility rate and hatchability of 4-year-old fish were all better than those of 3-year-old fish.The fertilized egg of 4-year-old Salvelinus leucomaenis was sinkable and of orange yellow,and had thicker oolemma,more yolk and smaller embryonic disc compared with that of 3-year-old.With the water temperature at 4.56~8.17℃ and accumulated temperature to 429.29℃·d,the larvae were hatched out.The larvae started to ingest when the accumulated temperature was 729.38℃·d and the yolk sac was ingested to 1/2.The whole five stages of acclimatization lasted 49 d,and then the artificial acclima-tization was completed.The artificial propagation technology laid a solid foundation for artificial breeding of Salvelinus leucomaenis.