霉菌生命活动对黄腐酸结构及生理活性的影响

Influence of Mold Living Activity on Structure & Physiological Activity of Fulvic Acid

为研究霉菌生长对腐植酸组分中黄腐酸分子结构的影响作用，考察了经过霉菌生化作用的黄腐酸的化学组成和结构及其对植物生长的促进作用。结果表明，经过霉菌处理的黄腐酸的化学组成和结构都发生一系列变化：羧基含量减少，酚羟基含量增加，而羰基和醌基没有明显的变化；黄腐酸的Ｅ４／Ｅ６ 值下降。说明在霉菌的作用下，黄腐酸发生了缩聚反应，其结构逐渐向黑腐酸转变。霉菌的生命活动消耗了黄腐酸中具有生理活性的组分，改变了黄腐酸的分子结构，使其对植物的刺激作用减弱。这种刺激组分可能与含有羧基的黄腐酸分子结构有关。

The influence of mold living activity on the basic structure and plant stimulation of fulvic acid was studied. It was shown that after mold treatment, the stimulation of fulvic acid was weakened. By comparing the IR spectrum, it was found that mold performed a key function in the transformation from fulvic acid to humic acid. Besides normal chemical action, the biochemical activity of microbiology performed an important function during the aging from fulvic acid to humic acid. Fulvic acid can be used as nutrition sources for mold living. In the course of living action, a series of changing takes place in fulvic acid chemical constitution and structure. The content of carboxyl group decreases and hydroxyl group increases. The quinone group and carbonyl group have no evident change and the E4/E6 value decreases. The results show that, because of the mold living activity, condensation polymerization takes place between fulvic acid which makes fulvic acid change into humic acid. After mold treatment, the IR spectrum of fulvic acid tends to change to that of its congenetic humic acid. Mold consumes the physiological active materials of fulvic acid during its living activity and changes its molecular structure. As a result, mold decreases its physiological activity, which might have a relationship with the carboxyl group in fulvic acid molecules.