运用健康信念模式分析影响社区居民参与VCT服务的因素

Analysis of factors influencing participation of community residents in VCT services by using health belief models

目的比较A、B两市社区居民参与自愿咨询检测(VCT)服务的状况,探讨健康信念模式在分析影响A、B两市社区居民参与VCT服务因素中的作用。方法以健康信念模式为理论基础设计问卷,采用随机整群抽样方法,对A、B两市社区居民进行入户访谈式调查,应用SPSS 18.0软件对结果进行统计学分析。结果 A、B两市共调查15～59岁社区居民1 192人,A市618人,B市574人。全部被访者在调查前一年内参与VCT服务比率分别为1.13%和0.52%;A市社区居民参加健康体检频率为0.49次/年,B市达到0.78次/年,两者的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。社区居民年均健康体检次数和健康信念模式中的感知参与VCT服务障碍,是影响社区居民接受VCT服务的重要因素。结论通过健康信念模式可以在一定程度上分析和解释影响社区居民参与VCT服务的因素。

Objective To compare the participation of community residents in VCT services between city A and city B,and to analyze the factors influencing their participating in VCT services based on health belief models.Method Questionnaire was designed based on the health belief model,and cluster samples were randomly selected from the community residents in city A and city B for a household interview.All the data were analyzed by the SPSS18.0 version.Result The ratio of the participation of the community residents in VCT services in city A and city B were 1.13% and 0.52% respectively,and the frequency of residents participating in VCT services in city A was 0.49%,which was significantly lower than that in city B（0.78%）（P〈0.05）;the average times of taking physical check ups by the community residents,and their negative feelings of participating in VCT services were important factors influencing their participation in VCT services.Conclusion The health belief model could to certain degree explain and analyze the factors influencing the participation of the community residents in VCT services.