北京地区某行业流动工人职业卫生知识态度行为调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Knowledge,Attitude and Practice about Occupational Health among Migrant Workers in Beijing City

目的调查、分析北京市某行业接触职业病危害因素的流动工人的职业卫生知识、态度、行为,为降低和避免职业病的发生、发展,顺利、有效开展干预活动,促进职业人群健康,提供基础数据和防治意见。方法采用面对面问卷调查的方法,监督被调查者独立、逐项、完整填写问卷,用EpiData 3.0建立数据库,应用SPSS 11.5软件对问卷内容和结果进行统计分析。结果有效问卷457份,对《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》认知度相关知识正确应答率为79.3%,对职业卫生知识应答正确率为74.4%,对职业卫生态度应答正确率82.3%,对职业卫生行为应答正确率65.4%。职业卫生态度的高准确率与职业卫生行为的低准确率出现不平衡性。结论应长期、定期开展职业卫生知识培训,职业卫生培训应分层次开展,将职业健康教育与一般健康教育相结合,充分调动职业人群自身的积极性,大力配合政府、用人单位及职业卫生服务等部门,联合做好职业健康监护工作。

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the knowledge attitude and practive about occupational health among migrant workers in Beijing City,and provide basic data and prevention advice for reducing and preventing occupational diseases,smoothly and effectively implement interventions,promoting health of professional population. [Methods]The face to face questionnaire survey was applied.Migrant workers filled the questionnaire independently and fully.Results were collected and analyzed by EpiData3.0 and SPSS 11.5 statistical software. [Results]Of 457 valid questionnaires,the accuracy rates of＂ Law of the People＇s Republic of Chinaon Prevention and Control of Occupational Disease＂,occupational health knowledge,attitude and behavior was 79.3%,74.4%,82.3% and 65.4% respectively.There was unbalancedness between high correct rate of attitude and low correct rate of behavior. [Conclusion]Long-term vocational training of occupational health knowledge should be implemented regularly.Occupational health education should be conducted to different workers at different level and should be combined with general health education.Therefore,migrant workers will do their best to cooperate with government,enterprise and sanitary department in occupational health surveillance.