英国对藏政策的调整与“麦克马洪线”的前期策划——以1911年威廉逊事件为中心

The Readjustment of the British Policy to Tibet and the Earlier Designment of McMahon Line—Focusing on Williamson Incident in 1911

1911年,英国以威廉逊之死事件为借口,利用中国内地发生辛亥革命之机,将对中国西藏政策从"不干涉"调整为"前进",加快了侵略中国西南边疆的步伐。本文在吸收国内外学者研究成果的基础上,利用汉、英文文献资料,对英国调整政策的缘由和目的进行了较为系统的研究,认为英国在阿波尔地区开展的勘察、测量活动,以及拟定的所谓"新外线",是为1914年非法的"麦克马洪线"的出笼所做的精心准备。

In 1911,the Britain adjusted the policy to Tibet from nonintervention to march and accelerated the pace of invading China’s southwest frontier, under the excuse of Williamson’s death when the Revolution of 1911 happened in China. Based on Chinese and English research achievements, this paper studies the reason and purpose of the readjustment systematically, and argues that the investigation and measurement of British in Abor area and so-called planned new outside line are carefully prepared of the illegal McMahon Line in 1914.