诃子制草乌的炮制工艺研究

Study of processing aconitum with myrobalan

目的以乌头碱、新乌头碱和次乌头碱的含量为指标,优化得到诃子制草乌的炮制工艺;并尝试用特征图谱的方法,分析炮制品的质量。方法建立测定草乌中3种乌头碱含量的HPLC法和测定草乌特征图谱的方法,根据《蒙药炮制学》中记载的工艺进行单因素、正交试验和验证试验,优化炮制工艺,同时,对生品和不同炮制品进行特征图谱的分析,考察相似度和3种乌头碱总含量变化规律之间的相关性。结果影响炮制品中3种乌头碱总含量的关键因素依次为:诃子加入量>诃子粒度>加水量(辅料溶液量);炮制工艺的优化结果为:0.1 kg诃子肉、粒径约0.8 cm、加水制备成6 L辅料溶液,浸泡1.0 kg乌头,每天更换辅料溶液,连续浸泡3 d,取出晾干后即得;草乌炮制品和生品间相似度的变化趋势和3种乌头碱含量的变化趋势有差异。结论藏药草乌的炮制工艺可通过炮制品中乌头碱的含量来控制;炮制品的特征图谱只能作为辅助数据反应炮制品中3种乌头碱含量的变化。

OBJECTIVE To select out the factors influencing the total content of three aconitine during the course of processing aconitum,and then optimize processing technology.To analyse the quality of the processed products.METHODS The HPLC and characteristic spectrum analysis method were established,and the processing technology through single factor,orthogonal and confirmatory tests were optimized.At the same time,the characteristic spectrums of raw materials and processed products were analysed,and the correlation between the change of spectrum＇s similarities and the change of the total content of aconitine were explored.RESULTS The factors influencing the total content of aconitine during processing in order were Terminalia volume,myrobalan size,amount of water（the amount of materials solution）.The optimized processing technology was as follows,soaking aconitum 1.0 kg with 6.0 L excipients solution prepared with particle size of about 0.80 cm of Terminalia 0.1 kg,daily replacement of accessories solution,continuous soaking for three days,followed by drying the processed product.The characteristic spectrum＇ change trend of the processed products and the raw materials was different from the trend of the content of three aconitine in the two ones.CONCLUSION The Tibetan aconitum processing technology can be controlled by the content of aconitine in the processed products,while the characteristic spectrum of the processed products can only serve as the secondary data to present the change of the processed products quality.