DNA甲基化与肿瘤研究进展

Advance in DNA Methylation and Tumor

对肿瘤研究的不断深入,发现除了基因突变之外,表观遗传改变也与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。肿瘤表观遗传的改变以DNA的异常甲基化为主。DNA的异常甲基化几乎存在于任何类型的人类肿瘤中,包括皮肤恶性肿瘤。DNA甲基化是指在DNA甲基化酶的作用下,以S-腺苷酸-L-甲硫氨酸为甲基供体,将甲基转移到特定碱基上的过程。基因的正常功能除了依赖于正常结构外,还依赖于正常的甲基化状态。DNA的异常甲基化在肿瘤发生中起重要作用。

With the development of tumor research, it is found that of epigenetic alterations are also closely related with the development and progression of tumors besides gene mutations. The change of tumor epigenetic inheritance are mainly presented as the aberrant methylation of DNA. The aberrant methylation of DNA occurs in almost all kinds of human tumors, including cutaneous malignancies. DNA methylation refers to the process that under the effect of DNA methylase, methyl is transferred onto a special basic group with S- adenosine-L-methionine （SAM）as the methyl donor. The normal function of gene not only depends on a normal structure, but also depends on a normal state of methylation. The aberrant methylation of DNA takes an important part in the occurrence of tumor.