成都市发热呼吸道症候群患者病毒感染调查

Viral Infections of Fever Respiratory Syndrome Patients in Chengdu

目的了解成都市发热呼吸道感染病例常见病毒的感染状况,探讨发热呼吸道症候群的病原谱构成情况。方法 2010-07/2011-03,采集成都市3家哨点医院具备发热、咳嗽以及胸部X线片提示肺部炎性改变等临床症状的呼吸道感染病例标本302份;采用多重RT-PCR方法,对302份呼吸道标本同时进行流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、冠状病毒、人偏肺病毒、人博卡病毒、人腺病毒、人鼻病毒和肠道病毒等常见呼吸道病毒核酸检测。结果 302份标本中检出阳性标本72份,核酸阳性率为23.84%(72/302),其中两种病毒混合感染6份,占阳性标本的8.33%(6/72);5岁以下儿童患者标本病毒核酸阳性检出率为39.33%(59/150),其中偏肺病毒的检出率最高;6～18岁患者标本病毒核酸阳性检出率为15.15%(5/33),其中呼吸道合胞病毒检出率最高;18岁以上患者标本阳性检出率为11.76%(14/119),其中流感病毒检出率最高。3月份病毒核酸检出率最高为74.36%(29/39),不同性别患者之间病毒核酸检出率差异无统计学意义。结论成都市发热呼吸道病毒感染病例的病原体以偏肺病毒、鼻病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒为主。

Objective To understand the common viral infections of the fever respiratory syndrome patients in Chengdu,discuss the constitution of pathogenic spectrum.Methods Collecting 302 specimens of respiratory infections from three sentinel hospitals in Chengdu during July,2010 to March,2011,with the clinical symptoms of fever,cough,and chest X-ray prompted lung inflammation.Common respiratory viruses including influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,respiratory syncytial virus,coronavirus,human metapneumovirus,human boca virus,human adenovirus,human rhinovirus and enterovirus were detected in 302 specimens simultaneously by multiplex RT-PCR.Results Totally 72 positive samples were identified from 302 specimens,the positive rate was 23.84%（72/302）,in which 6 were coinfection caused by two viruses,accounting for 8.33%（6/72）of the positive samples.The positive rate was 39.33%（59/150） in patients under 5 years old,in which human metapneumovirus was the mostly detected pathogen.The positive rate was 15.15%（5/33）in patients aged 6-18 years,in which respiratory syncytial virus was the mostly detected pathogen.The positive rate was 11.76%（14/119） in patients over 18 years old,in which the influenza virus was the mostly detected pathogen.The highest detection rate of virus in March was 74.36%（29/39） and the detection rate was not statistically significant between patients of different gender.Conclusion Human metapneumovirus,rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the main pathogens leading to the fever respiratory infections in Chengdu.