黑河上蔡段河水及饮用水的致突变性

Study on the mutagenic activity of polluted Hei River water and drinking water in Shangcai

目的：探讨黑河上蔡段癌症高发区河水及饮用水的致突变性。方法：采集严重污染的黑河河水及沿岸浅井水分别进行以下试验。①用ＸＡＤⅡ树脂提取各水样中的有机提取物作为待测样品，以呋喃基康酰胺和叠氮钠作阳性对照，以自发回变率为阴性对照，用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌属ＴＡ９８ 、ＴＡ１００ 菌株进行Ａｍｅｓ 试验。以突变比ＭＲ 值评价试验结果。②松滋青皮蚕豆温浸芽约２ ｃｍ ，分别取３ ～４ 粒放入不同水样中处理，同时以蒸馏水、郑州市自来水作阴性对照，环磷酰胺（１ ｍｇ／Ｌ） 作阳性对照进行微核试验。显微镜下观察根尖细胞微核数，统计微核千分率（ＭＣＮ‰） 。结果：①河水有机提取物对ＴＡ９８、ＴＡ１００ 菌株均可诱发阳性回变；②沿岸浅井水有机提取物能诱发ＴＡ９８菌株的阳性回变；③河水、井水均可致蚕豆根尖细胞微核率（ＭＣＮ‰） 明显增高。④浅井水和河水的致突变性及毒性（ 抑菌圈直径大小） 基本相同。结论：①由于浅井水和河水的致突变性及毒性基本相同，故浅井水中的致突变物质可能来源于河水的水平渗透；②沿岸居民癌症高发与河水污染的潜在致癌性有密切关系。

Aim: To study the mutigenic activity of polluted Hei River water and drinking water form wells along its rank of malignant tumor prevalence region in shangcai. Methods: Water from Hei River which was polluted seriously and drinking water from shallow wells along its rank were collected and detected by using the following tests. ①Salmonelia typhimurium backward mutation test (Ames test). Using XAD Ⅱ resin extracted the organic extract substance from water sample. The sodium azide as positive control and the rate of spontaneous backward mutation of salmonelia typhimurium as a negative control. The nutagenicity of organtic extract substance was detected with strains TA98 and TA100 by using Ames test. The results were judged through mutation ratio (MR). ②Micronucleus test (MNT) of vicia faba root tip cell. Vicia faba were handed out and put to water samples after budding 2～3cm in running water(25℃). The endoxan as positive control. The running water of Zhengzhou and distilled water as negative control to test the microncleus. The micronucleus in vicia faba root cells were observed through telescope and then counted the micronucleus cells in every 1000 lymphatic cells (MCN‰). Results: ①The organic extract substance (OES) from the polluted river water can induce positive mutagenic results in strains TA98, TA100;②The OES from drinking water in shallow wells along its rank can induce positive mutagenic results in train TA 98; ③The OES from river and drinking water showed visible toxinity to strains TA98 and TA100; ④The micronucleus frequency of river water and drinking water in MNT is significantly higher than that of negative control.Conclusion: ①Because the mutagenicity and toxicity of the drinking water from shallow wells is the same as that of the river water, it seems that the mutagenic substances of drinking water may come form the penetration of the river water. ②There are high relationship between the cancer incidence rate of people in polluted area and the mutigenicity of Hei River.