美国医学教育改革三次浪潮的文化背景及本质特征

Analyzing the Cultural Background and Basic Characteristics of Three Generations of Medical Education Reforms in USA

医学及医学教育的本质是一种文化现象,其演化与发展均有着更为深刻的文化缘由。以美国为首的西方国家百年来的医学教育经历了三次重大改革,第一次是以科学为基础形成科学化的医学教育体系;第二次是以以问题为中心教学和课程整合为手段形成科学有效的学习模式;第三次是以职业胜任力为核心的全面医学人格的塑造。

The nature of medicine and medical education is a kind of cultural plenomenon , its evolution and development have profound cultural origins. US-led western countries to a century of medical education has undergone three major reforms, the first is based on science formed a scientific medical education system, the second is focus on PBL and integration of curriculum as a means to form a scientific and effective mode of learning, the third is the core of professional competence to shape the comprehensive medical personality.