气管内支架治疗气管良性狭窄11例

The treatment of benign tracheal stenosis using airway stents:report of 11 cases

目的：探讨气管内支架治疗气管良性狭窄的疗效。方法：１９８２ 年２ 月至１９９８ 年８ 月间应用气管内支架治疗１１ 例气管良性狭窄，其中Ｙ 形硅胶管支架置入术８ 例次，钛镍记忆合金支架置入术４ 例，Ｓｔｒｅｃｋｅｒ 金属网状支架置入术１ 例。结果：随访４ ～１８０ 个月。８ 例临床效果良好，其中４ 例拔除内支架。并发症包括肉芽组织形成３ 例，其中２ 例更换支架；围术期咳痰困难５ 例。结论：不同病因良性气管狭窄在选择治疗方法时应严格按照治疗原则，对气管壁全层皆已成为瘢痕组织的严重病例，选用金属类扩张支架；估计短期留管能解除狭窄者应选用Ｔ 或Ｙ 形硅胶支架。

Aim:To review the clinical results of airway stents in the treatwent of benign tracheal stenosis.Clinical material and method:From February 1982 to August 1998,11 patients with benign tracheal stenosis were treated by application of various kinds of airway stents (Y-shape silicone tube stent in 8,NiTi shape memory alloy stent in 4 and Strecker metallic net stent in 1).The indications were:post-tracheostomy stenosis in 3,patients,tuberculous tracheal stenosis in 2,anastomotic obstruction in 1,tracheal injury in 2, secondary to chemicocautery in 2 and radiotherapy in 1.Results:All patients were followed-up 4 months to 15 years.Therapy was proved successful in 8 patients.2 patients had recurrent airway obstruction in 3 and 6 months postoperatively and the stents were replaced .Complications included granuloma formation in 3 patients and airwary obstruction due to heavy secretion in 5.Conclusion:The preliminary experience indicates that airway stents would play a useful role in the treatment of selected benign tracheal stenosis.