某企业新建活性炭项目职业病危害因素预评价分析

Pre-evaluation of occupational hazards for new activated carbon project in an enterprise

目的对某企业拟建的活性炭建设项目,进行识别、分析可能产生的职业病危害因素,预评价危害程度、确定职业病危害类别,评估建设项目的可行性,为建设项目的设计提供必要的职业病危害防护对策和建议。方法采用类比法、现场卫生学调查法对类比企业进行职业危害因素浓度检测,结合检查表法及有关的技术资料,分析、类推预测评价拟建设项目。结果该项目存在的主要职业病危害因素为一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、苯并比、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯(化学类),煤尘、活性炭尘(粉尘类)、高温、热辐射、噪声(物理类),属于职业病危害严重的建设项目。结论该项目的生产工艺、设备布局与类比企业相似,但其机械化、自动化程度更高,设计符合《工业企业设计卫生标准》,按设计要求项目建成投产后能够更好地控制和减少职业病危害。

Objective To evaluate the risk factors,degree and type of possible occupational hazard for new activated carbon project in an enterprise,to assess the feasibility of construction for the project design and to provide the necessary protection measures of occupational hazards.Methods The risk factors were detected by analogy,on-site health investigation and checklist method,and combined with relevant technical information to analyze occupational hazards.Results The main risk factors were as followed： carbon monoxide,sulfur dioxide,nitrogen dioxide,ammonia,benzene,toluene,xylene（chemical class）,coal dust,carbon dust（dust class）,high temperature,thermal radiation and noise（physics）.Conclusion The project＇s production process,equipment layout and analog business are similar to the others,but it is more mechanization,higher automation degree.The design meets the ＂standard design of industrial enterprises＂,it could reduce occupational hazards after the completion of the project and better control.