我国护理硕士专业学位教育的SWOT分析

SWOT Analysis of Development of Master of Nursing Specialist Education in China

目的探讨我国护理硕士专业学位教育面临的各种内部和外部条件。方法采用SWOT策略,就护理硕士专业学位教育的发展,综合分析学科内部优势(strengths,S)和劣势(weaknesses,W)、学科外部机会(opportunities,O)和威胁(threats,T)等影响因素。结果学科内部优势包括护理学科的实践属性和在职护士强烈的深造意愿,劣势因素包括课程设置不成熟、临床师资不足和临床实践环境不完善;学科外科机会包括护理学新增为一级学科和国外同类学科的发展经验等,威胁因素包括对护理的旧有偏见、护理硕士专业学位理念尚不能被广泛接受等。结论我国护理硕士专业学位教育学科内部优势和不利条件并存,外部机遇和挑战同在,需要将外部机遇与威胁同内部优势和劣势加以全面权衡,并提出相应的对策。

Objective To discuss the influencing factors both within and outside the discipline for master education of nursing specialist. Methods Using SWOT strategy,the factors were tried to be refined both within the discipline, named strengths （S） and weaknesses （W） and the factors outside the discipline, named opportunities （0） and threats （T） ,respectively. Results The strengths included the characteristics of the practicality of nursing and the strong desire of clinical nurses for .advanced study while the weaknesses meaned the immature course construction,deficiency of qualified clinical tutors,and inadequate clinical setting for education of master of nursing specialist. The opportunities refered to the new labeling of the first-level discipline of nursing science and advanced experiences overseas while the threats cover the old prejudices about nursing and the lack of wide acceptance of master of nursing specialist. Conclusion For the development of master education of nursing specialist, both strengths and weaknesses remain within the discipline, and outside opportunities and threats coexist. After the comprehensive appraisal of such factors, some corresponding suggestions should be put forward in order to benefit the education.