儿童甲型肝炎与成人甲型肝炎临床特征对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Clinical Features Between Children's Hepatitis A and Adult's Hepatitis A

目的对比分析儿童甲型肝炎(甲肝)与成人甲肝的临床特征。方法回顾性分析同一起甲肝疫情中儿童甲肝与成人甲肝患者的临床资料。结果儿童组发病率27.0%,纳差61.1%、呕吐25%,成人组发病率13.2%,纳差93.3%,呕吐60%,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);儿童组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)为(836.4±582.5)U/L,总胆红素(TB)为(46.3±29.6)μmol/L,成人组ALT为(1858.2±1111.7)U/L,TB为(99.88±43.5)μmol/L,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);儿童组并发胆囊炎22.2%,病情恢复时间为(3.2±1)周,成人组并发胆囊炎46.7%,病情恢复时间为(4.3±0.8)周,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论儿童甲肝发病率高于成人,但病情相对较轻、并发症少、病程短、恢复快。

Objective To analyze the clinical features between children＇s hepatitis A and the adult＇s hepatitis A.Methods To investigate and summarize the clinical data in the two gronsps.Results The incidence of hepatitis A in the children＇s group was 27.0%,which was higher than that the in adult＇s group with the value of 13.2%（P0.05）.The incidence of anorexia and vomiting in the children group were 61.1% and 25% respectively which were lower than those in the adult group with the value of 93.3% and 60% respectively（P0.05）.The value of ALT and TB in children group were（836.4±582.5）U/L and（46.3±29.6）μmol/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the adult group with the value of（1858.2±1111.7）U/L and（99.88±43.5）μmol/L（P0.01）;the incidence of cholecystitis and the recovery time in the children＇s group were 22.2% and（3.2±1） weeks respectively,which were lower than those in the adult＇s group with the value of 46.7% and（4.3±0.8） weeks（P0.05）.Conclusion Children are much easier to get hepatitis A than adult,which has lighter clinical manifestation、short disease course and fast recovered rate.