宋人对《长恨歌》伦理的道德阐释评议——兼论宋代对叙事诗的接受

Analysis to Morality Explanation of Song People to Ethics of Song of Everlasting Sorrow——Epic Accepted by Scholar of Song Dynasty

《长恨歌》是白居易杰出的长诗,但宋代文人对它的阐释,无论是内容和艺术表现上多有贬低甚至是否定性的评价。宋人的不满并非仅仅是对叙事诗的接受问题,而是有着深刻的政治文化的影响因素。宋代是君主专制加强,士大夫对皇权依附性显著加深的时代,这种政治文化影响了他们的阐释和文化接受心态。他们对《长恨歌》的阐释是君权至尊的政治伦理意识在诗学批评领域的话语体现,尊君的道德思维模式成了他们诗学的话语规范。

Song of Everlasting Sorrow written by Bai Juyi is well-known poem in classical literature and it is also his masterwork. Although this poem has great influence and affect on Tang Dynasty but the literature of Song Dynasty give lower evaluation and underestanding to this great poem. The discontent of Song people to epic is not only the acceptance but also the great influencing factors of politics and culture. Song Dynasty is a time of strong autocratic monarchy, the attachment of scholar-bureaucrat to royal power is also very obvious, this political culture influences their explanation and cultural acceptance mentality. Their explanation to Song of Everlasting Sorrow is the speech demonstration of political ethics ideology of the imperial royal power in poetry criticism field. The royal morality thinking mode becomes the speech norm of poetry for them.