医院感染分布特点以及影响因素分析

Influencing factors and distribution of nosocomial infection

目的了解医院感染的现状,分析医院感染的危险因素,为减少医院感染的发生提供科学依据。方法对医院2006年7月-2009年10月26 116例住院患者进行回顾性分析。结果医院感染944例,医院感染率3.61%,ICU感染率最高,为41.43%;感染以呼吸道为主,占52.38%;易感年龄>60岁,感染率为5.62%;住院时间>20d的患者感染率可达16.23%;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占53.07%。结论医院感染的发生与患者年龄、基础疾病、侵入性操作、住院时间、抗菌药物不合理使用等因素有关。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection（NI） in the hospital,analyze the related factors,and provide a scientific basis for reducing the incidence of NI. METHODS A total of 26,116 inpatients from Jul 2006 to Oct 2009 were retrospectively analyzed,of which 944 inpatients suffered from NI. RESULTS The rate of NI was 3.61%,the highest infected rate was in ICU（41.43%）.The main infection site was respiratory tract（52.38%）.The susceptible ages were above 60,the infection rates were 5.62%.The infection rate of patients hospitalized for more than 20d was 16.23%.The main species were Gram-negative（53.07%）. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of NI is connected with factors such as age,underlying diseases,invasive operation,length of stay and the misusage of antibiotics.