重型颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后肺部感染的分析及护理对策

Related factors for pulmonary infections in patients with severe cerebral traumas after tracheotomy and nursing countermeasures

目的总结分析重型颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后并发肺部感染相关因素及护理对策。方法回顾性总结景德镇第二人民医院神经外科重症监护病房2007年6月-2010年12月60例重型颅脑损伤患者并气管切开术后肺部感染资料。结果 60例重型颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后并发肺部感染48例,感染率为80.0%;检出57株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌35株,占61.4%,革兰阳性菌16株,占28.1%,真菌6株,占10.5%。结论重型颅脑损伤气管切开术后患者是肺部感染的高危人群,要采取及时有效的护理对策,以降低肺部感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To summarize the related factors for severe head injury patients with concurrent pulmonary infection after tracheotomy and nursing countermeasures. METHODS A retrospective summary was carried out based on the clinical data of 60 cases of severe head injury patients with pulmonary infections after tracheotomy in Jingdezhen second people′s hospital neurosurgery ICU from Jun 2006 to 2010 Dec. RESULTS Among 60 cases wiht severe head injury patients after tracheotomy,concurrent lung infections were in 48 cases with infection rate of 80.0%.57 strains of pathogens were detected,among which 35 strains were Gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 61.4%,16 strains were Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 28.1%,6 strains were fungi,accounting for 10.5%. CONCLUSION Severe head injury patients with pulmonary infection after tracheotomy are the high-risk groups,it should timely adopt the effective nursing countermeasures to reduce the pulmonary infection.