鹅、鸭绒纤维形态结构差异及对保暖性能的影响

Difference of morphological structures between goose down fiber and duck down fiber and their effect on thermal retaining property

利用电子和光学显微镜对鹅、鸭绒纤维形态结构进行观察,定量阐述了鹅、鸭绒纤维绒核结构、绒枝结构、绒小枝及节点结构的差异,在此基础上对鹅、鸭绒纤维保暖性进行测试,分析了结构差异对纤维保暖性的影响。与鸭绒纤维相比,鹅绒纤维绒朵较大,绒核较小,绒枝长而粗,绒小枝长而细且分布较密,绒小枝上节点小而多且分布均匀,这使得鹅绒纤维具有更好的蓬松性和保暖性。对同一种羽绒纤维,纤维体积分数和导热性呈非线性关系,随着纤维体积分数增加,纤维导热性先降低后升高,当纤维体积分数为0.002～0.005时,纤维保暖性能最好。

The morphological structures of duck down fiber and goose down fiber were observed using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope.Quantitative analysis was conducted to the micro-structures of goose and duck down fibers,including down stone,down branch,down fibril and node structure,as well as their differences.Then,the thermal retaining property of goose and duck down fibers was tested,respectively,and the effect of differences in structure on fiber′s thermal retaining property was investigated.Compared with duck down,goose down possesses bigger down cluster,smaller down stone,longer and coarser down branch,and finer and more densely distributed down fibrils with nodes arranged even.This morphological structure gives the goose down better bulkiness and better thermal retaining property.To the same kind of down fiber,there is a nonlinear relationship between the fiber volume fraction and thermal conductivity.With the increasing of the volume fraction,the thermal conductivity of the fiber decreases firstly and then increases.When the volume fraction ranges from 0.002 to 0.005,the fiber possesses the best thermal retaining property.