社会进步与社会秩序的重建--从马克思的社会发展理论看中国模式的生成逻辑

Social Progress and Reconstruction of Social Order——Understand the Logic of the Chinese Model to Generate According to Marx’s Theory of Social Development

在马克思的社会发展理论中,包含着一个关于社会进步与社会秩序及其相互关系的深刻的理论说明:(1)社会进步的路径有其规律可循,同时社会进步的具体展开过程又是开放性的。(2)"人的尺度"、"物的尺度"和"人与物相统一的尺度"是衡量社会进步的三个基本尺度;在不同的历史时期,衡量社会进步由其主导性尺度,同时尺度又是多样性的;不同种类、层级的进步尺度之间既可能是和谐兼顾的,又可能是矛盾冲突的,而且和谐兼顾与矛盾冲突往往相互交织。(3)社会进步的"人的尺度"与"物的尺度"之间的复杂关系,折射出社会进步与社会秩序之间的复杂关系;社会进步对社会秩序的作用具有内在的不确定性,既有积极的重塑作用,又有消极的破坏作用,而且积极作用和消极作用往往相互交织。(4)不但社会进步的"物的尺度"与"人的尺度"存在复杂的关系,对这两个评价尺度的评价也是一个十分复杂的问题,对于尺度本身的评价,既要处理好现实评价与理想评价的关系,又要处理好道德评价与历史评价的关系。这个理论说明对于我们认识中国模式的内在生成逻辑具有重要启发意义。

There is a profound theoretical explanation in Marx＇s theory of social development： （1）The path of social progress has its own rules to follow, while the specific process of social progress is open. （2） ＂People- oriented scale＂, ＂object- oriented scale＂ and ＂the unity of the twoscale＂ are the three basic scales to measure social progress; In different historical periods, it has a dominant scale to measure social progress, while the scale is diversity; The scales to measure social progress which are different types and levels that can be harmony each other or it may be conflicts, and often both harmony and conflict are intertwined. （3） It reflects the complex relationship between social progress and social order that the complex relationship between ＂people - oriented scale＂ and ＂object - oriented scale＂; and it is uncertainty the role of social progress to establish social order, which may be both the positive role and destructive role at the same time, or they are intertwined. （4） For the evaluation of these two scales, on one hand we need to correct understanding of the relationship between the realistic evaluation and ideal evaluation; on the other hand we need to correct understanding of the relationship between the moral evaluation and historical evaluation. We believe that this theoretical explanation has an important instructive meaning for our understanding of the logic of the Chinese Model to generate.