统计指标的概念、角色及其抽象

The Definition,Role and Abstract form of Indicator

统计指标不仅表征总体的特征,而且表征样本、总体单位或个体的特征;不仅表征数量特征,而且表征品质特征;它是统计研究事物或现象的切入点和媒介,也是区分各应用统计学科的重要标识;它是引领统计数据的灵魂,也是浓缩数据信息的载体;它在数理统计学中被抽象成为变量、统计量或参数。

The existing definition of indicator is too narrow to explain the custom in the statistical application.Therefore,the definition of indicator is expanded in this article as the sign of the qualitative and quantitative feature of population,sample,population units or individuals.Then,the role of indicator in Statistics is debated in detail as that it is the media and entry point of the research object,the key sign to differentiate the various disciplines of applied statistics,the soul of statistical data and the carrier of the concentration information of data.Finally,it is demonstrated that the Abstract form of indicator in mathematical statistics is variable,statistic and parameter.