文化反思与打造传统

Cultural Reflexions and Creating Traditions

对传统民族民间文化遗产的保护、搜集和整理是建构民族和地区认同感的重要文化手段。但是,在搜集整理的操作技术后面是怎样的逻辑和动力?文章介绍和分析了Michael Herzfeld的"文化性的私密"的分析框架,以及Nathan Light关于新疆"十二木卡姆"搜集整理的个案研究,指出在所谓的对有代表性的文化传统展示,其实是多方磋商的结果,其过程、动机和逻辑都有值得进行人类学反思的地方。"文化传统保护"这一领域正是可以贯通民间文学、民俗学与人类学的中间地带。

To protect, collect, and perpetuate the heritage of traditional,ethnic folk cultures is a cuhural mechanism of （re）establishing ethnical and regional identities. Yet, what kinds of considerations, logics and dynamics may be hidden behind the collecting and editing activities？ This paper introduces the analytical framework of ＂cultural intimacy＂, developed by Michael Herzfeld, and the case study about the Uhygur Muqam song in Xinjiang investigated by Nathan Light, to argue that the so-called representative cultural products are in fact the results of multilayered negotiations. The concrete processes, motivations and logics shaping these negotiations are worthy to he taken into consideration by social and cultural anthropology. Moreover, the issue of ＂protection of cultural heritage＂ is a promising inter- disciplinary area that allows integrating disciplines like folk literature studies, folklore studies and anthropology.