东方蝾螈原肠形成期瓶状细胞的结构及其对胚胎发育的影响

STRUCTURE OF THE BOTTLE CELLS IN CYNOPS ORIENTALIS GASTRULATION AND THEIR EFFECT OF REMOVAL ON EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

以100只东方蝾螈早期胚胎为材料，用SEM和TEM对瓶状细胞形态结构和除去瓶状细胞的胚胎进行观察。去除瓶状细胞后，胚胎的原肠形成不会中断，外包和内卷仍能正常进行，并可以发育成幼螈，但有部分胚胎原肠前端缺失。长期培养的蝾螈胚对针刺激有反应，幼虫阶段可自由活动。我们的结论是：1）东方蝾螈原肠胚的瓶状细胞除了原肠前瑞存在外，还有部分瓶状细胞与原肠长轴垂直，从力学角度推断瓶状细胞在原肠形成过程中不起主要作用；2）除去瓶状细胞后原肠形成不被阻断，内卷和外包仍能继续进行；3）除去了瓶状细胞的胚胎仍然可以发育成基本正常的幼螈，但除去细胞过多时则会影响头腹部和尾部的发育。

One hundred embryos of Cynops orientalis were used for observing normal structure of bottle cells during gastrulation and effect of their removal on embryo development by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All of these embryos under long term culture showed response to needle stimulating on. The operated embryos were able to freely move when they developed to larvae. The gastrulation of CynoPs embryos was not interrupted by removing bottle cells in the dorsal sector, and the involution and epiboly still continued, but the archenteron was be truncated in the embryos whose bottle cells were removed. The conclusion are 1) bottle cells exist not only at the head of archenteron, but also at the lateral sectors of archenteron. The long axis of bottle cells at lateral sectors of archenteron is perpendicular to the axis of archenteron, from which we conclude that the bottle cell is not responsible for the original force dragging the archenteron. 2) The gastrulation of CynoPs embryos is not interrupted by removing the bottle cells in dorsal sector. 3) The embryos without dorsal bottle ce1ls still develop to larvae, but the following development of head, body and tail is affected if the removed part of blastoporal region is too large.