产业特征、污染溢出与产业竞争力:基于多因素结构模型的分析

Industrial Characteristics,Pollution Spillover and Industrial Competitiveness——Based on the Analysis of Multifactor Structural Model

环境规制与竞争力关系的研究中经常忽视了污染溢出的作用,这可能会过高估计环境规制的影响。本文使用中国36个产业面板数据,在控制产业特征的条件下,通过多因素结构模型来经验考察环境规制对产业竞争力的直接影响。我们特别关注两个问题。一是在参数同质假设下,通过对污染溢出因素的简单设定考察环境规制与产业竞争力的经验关系。二是在参数异质假设下,通过对污染溢出因素的不同设定,考察污染扩散如何影响环境规制与产业竞争力的关系。结果发现,污染溢出等因素对二者关系有显著的影响,并估计了环境规制严厉性对竞争力的直接影响。

Since environmental system is a complicated network, the effects of pollution spillovers are often ignored in the studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and competitiveness, which is likely to result in overestimating the effects of environment regulation. Using thirty-six industrial panel data in China, and controlling industrial characteristics, the paper examines the direct effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness through muhifactor structural model. Especially the paper pays attention to two problems ： first, under the homogeneous parameters assumption, we estimate the empirical linkages between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness by the simple specification of pollution spillovers＇ factors. Second, under heterogeneous parameter assumption, we allow for the spreads of pollution how to influence the linkage between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness by the different specifications of spillovers＇ factors. The results show that factors like pollution spillovers have significant impacts, and in the same time we estimate the direct effects of environmental regulation on competitiveness.