《孙子兵法》与法家文化

The Art of War and the Culture of the Legalist School

春秋末年,社会各个层面的动荡,战争活动的频繁,促使战争活动中的功利理性觉醒,"非利不动"的利益至上观是《孙子兵法》与法家文化的趋同之处。孙子将"合于利而动,不合于利而止"视为战略决策的基点,将"利"视作最高准则的同时,追求"不战而屈人之兵"的全胜战略理念。法家文化之言利,以利害衡量君臣关系,以法为本,通过法术势的结合,巩固君主权势,驾驭臣下。因此法家文化将理性的战争观、治军观念、军事经济理论等推向功利主义伦理的极致。

In the late Spring and Autumn,the unrest of all levels of society and frequent war activities promote the awakening of the utilitarian rationalism in war, so the ＂interests come first＂ concept of ＂no profit no move＂ is the convergence of The Art of War with the culture of legalist school. Sun Tzu pursue the idea of complete victory of ＂breaking the enemy＇s resistance without fighting＂ while he considers it as the point of a strategic decision ＂moving with interest,stopping without interest＂ and interest as the highest standard. The so called interest by Legalist is to measure the relationship between monarch by interest based on the law,through a combination of magic potential to. consolidate the sovereign power and control the Courtiers. Therefore, the legalist school put their rational view of war,running the army and military economic theory into the extreme of the ultimate utilitarian ethics.