日本血吸虫31/32kDa分子抗原快速诊断试剂盒的研制与现场应用

A SIMPLY FAST-ELISA DIAGNOSTIC KIT BASED ON Sj31/32kDa ANTIGENS AND ITS VALUE IN THE FIELD STUDIES

目的基于纯化的日本血吸虫31／32kDa分子抗原，建立一种敏感、特异、简便、快速诊断血吸虫病的试剂盒。方法采用Chappell方法分离纯化Sj31／32kDa抗原并建立快速ELISA，检测急、慢性血吸虫病人，并以肺吸虫病人、肝吸虫病人及正常人血清作为平行对照。结果血吸虫病人457例，阳性检出率为94．3％，67例肺吸虫病人及76例肝吸虫病人血清均未出现明显交叉反应，正常人群假阳性率为1％。结论提示采用纯化的优势诊断抗原分子建立的快速诊断试剂盒有较好的现场应用潜能，且具有简便、快速、无需特殊设备等优点，值得推广应用。

Objective To establish a Fast-ELISA diagnostic kit and to develop a specific,sensitive assay for detecting antibodies against Schistosoma japonicum adult 31 /32 kDa antigen.Methods The purification of the Sj 31/32 kDa antigen was described as Chappell's method. The sera of patients with schistosomiasis have been examined by Fast-ELISA based on Sj 31/32 kDa antigens, and also the sera of paragonimiasis and clonorchiasis and health persong have been exam ined as the parallel control. Results The positive rate was 94. 3% in 457 patients with schistosomi asis. As compared with the crude soluble egg antigens (SEA), the 31 /32 kDa antigen produced no cross reaction with sera from patients with paragonimiasis or clonorchiasis, and less false positive reaction (1 % ) with sera from normal human. Conclusion The kit based on Sj 31 /32 kDa molecu lar antigens was found as sensitive as, but much more specific than, the system based on crude SEA in the field immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The kit also has been proved to be rapid,easy to perform and without specific equipment when it was applied in the field of schistosomiasis survey.