新型自吸离心泵数值模拟及试验研究

Numerical simulation and experiment research on new type self-priming centrifugal pump

应用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对带导流器的射流式自吸离心泵内部流场进行了定常数值模拟,对泵内部流场的速度矢量、静压、总压分布及流动规律进行分析,预测了泵的效率,并与试验结果比较.数值模拟结果表明:带导流器的射流式自吸离心泵的内部流场速度矢量分布趋于平稳,新型导流器的两个出口压力分布均匀,各流道内的压力近似对称分布,泵在设计点数值模拟计算扬程比试验扬程提高6.9%,数值模拟计算效率比试验效率提高0.5%,数值模拟预测的性能曲线与试验性能曲线趋势一致.试验结果表明:带导流器的射流式自吸离心泵的性能曲线稳定、平坦,高效率区范围宽,各项技术指标满足设计要求,该泵的效率比国外同类型相同参数泵的效率提高了16.34%,同时泵体采用铝合金压铸,大幅度减轻了泵的重量,降低了泵的成本,设计合理,结构新颖,体积小,重量轻,运行可靠,操作方便.

Based on CFD software Fluent, the flow field of a self-priming centrifugal pump with deflector and jet nozzle was simulated numerically. The internal flow field variables such as velocity vector, static and total pressures were analyzed, and the pump efficiency was predicted. The numerical simulation showed that the velocity vector distribution in the pump is smooth, the static pressure distribution at the two outlets of the new type deflector is uniform and the pressure in each channel is close to an axisymmetric distribution. At the design point the pump head and efficiency predicted are higher than observations by 6, 9% and 0.5% ,respectively. The performance curve predicted is quite similar to that measured. The experimental results showed that the performance curve of the pump is flat and the pump has an expanded high efficiency zone. The entire technical specifications of the pump have met the design requirements; also the efficiency is better by 16.34% than the imported pumps with the same specifications. To reduce weight and cost the pump casing is made of die-casting aluminium alloy, causing the pump is featured with reasonable design, novel structure, small size, weight, reliable operation and easy for use.