当代中国汉语社会称谓语变迁的研究

On the Change of Social Address Forms in Modern China

语言与社会的共变关系最快也最直接地反映在语言词汇的变化上,而词汇中的社会称谓语部分更是首当其冲,整个社会的政治、经济、文化都能在社会称谓语的使用中直接体现出来,从新中国的建立到"文化大革命"的浩劫,再到改革开放以及中国经济的腾飞,中国社会一系列的重大变革无不深刻地影响着社会称谓语的变化,我们从中可以真实地体验到语言与社会的共变关系,因此对当代中国社会称谓语的历时研究具有重大的现实意义。

Covariant relationship between language and society is most directly and quickly reflected by the vocabulary of language,especially the social address forms.The usages and semantic changes of Chinese social address forms,such as ＂Tongzhi＂,＂Shifu＂ and ＂Laoban＂,are the vivid reflection of Chinese society from the establishment to the end of 20th century.In addition,a series of major changes in Chinese society,such as the establishment of New China,the ＂Cultural Revolution＂,the reform and opening up and economic takeoff,profoundly affect the social address forms,from which we can truly experience the covariant relationship between language and society.So the diachronic study on Chinese social address forms is of great practical significance.