广州市越秀区2004—2010年居民意外伤害死亡病例分析

Analysis of death caused by accidental injury among residents in Yuexiu District,Guangzhou City,2004—2010

目的分析2004—2010年广州市越秀区居民意外伤害致死亡病例的发生规律和特点,为制定意外伤害死亡的预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集广州市越秀区第3次死因回顾性调查资料和2006—2010年越秀区全人群死因监测资料,采用DreathReg 2005统计软件对2004—2010年广州市越秀区居民的意外伤害死亡资料进行整理分析。结果 2004—2010年广州市越秀区居民意外伤害死亡1 555例,意外伤害死亡率为23.41/10万。死因排序由高到低依次为:意外跌倒(占25.79%)、自杀(占21.29%)、交通事故(占18.14%)、其他(占16.46%)、意外中毒(占11.25%)、被杀(占3.28%)、溺水(占2.64%)、火灾(占1.16%)。0～14岁年龄组死亡以意外跌倒(占16.28%)和溺水(占16.28%)为主,15～59岁年龄组以自杀(占23.97%)和交通事故(占20.22%)为主,≥60岁年龄组以意外跌倒(占40.23%)和自杀(占18.95%)为主。各类意外伤害的死亡率除了溺水和火灾差异无统计学意义外,男性均高于女性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论应针对意外伤害的死因谱、年龄结构、性别特征采取相应的防治措施,提高生存年,降低死亡率。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the death caused by accidental injury among the residents in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, and provide the theoretical support for the accidental injury control and intervention. Methods Data were collected from the third retrospective survey and surveillance of death cause of the population in Yuexiu District from 2006 to 2010, and was managed and analyzed by the software of DreathReg 2005. Results Of the total 1 555 deaths caused by accidental injury during 2004-2010, the death rate of accidental injury was 23.41/100 000. The rank order of death rate was accidental falls （25.79%） , suicide （21.29%） , traffic accident （ 18. 14% ） , others （ 16.46% ） , accidental poisoning （ 11.25% ） , homicide （3.28%） , drowning （2. 64% ） , and fire disaster （ 1.16% ）. The main death causes were accidental falls （ 16. 28% ） and drowning （ 16. 28% ） in 0 - 14 age group, suicide （23.97%） and traffic accident （20. 22% ） in 15 -59 age group, and accidental falls （40. 23% ） and suicide （ 18. 95% ） in I〉60 age group. Except for the drowning and fire disaster, the death rates of accidental injuries were higher in male than those in female. Conclusion It is important to take preventive measures to reduce the mortality and improve survival years according to characteristics of the death caused by accidental injury.