论葛兰西的科幻小说观

Gramsci's Concept of Science Fiction

对科幻小说审美特征的论述是葛兰西文艺思想和政治思想的重要组成部分。葛兰西重点论述了凡尔纳和威尔斯等人的科幻小说作品。他对凡尔纳科幻小说的科学性、幻想性和乐观精神等特点给予了高度评价,也指出这些特点给凡尔纳创作所带来的局限性;他重点论述了威尔斯科幻小说的现实批判性特征,对威尔斯小说中的道德说教倾向进行了批评。葛兰西对科幻小说审美特点的论述具有理论家的深刻性和革命家的现实性。由于从既定的理论出发,葛兰西对科幻小说审美特征的分析也有先入为主的缺陷。

Discussion on the aesthetic characteristics of science fiction is an important part of Gramsci＇s literary ideology and political thinking.Gramsci focuses on the works of science fiction by Jules Verne and Herbert George Wells.He said highly of the scientific features,fantasy and optimism demonstrated in Jules Verne＇s science fiction,but also pointed out that these characteristics has brought the limitations to Jules Verne＇s literary creation;he focuses on the criticism towards the reality in Wales＇ science fiction.He also criticizes the moralizing tendencies in Wells＇ novels.Gramsci＇s discussion on the aesthetic features of science fiction showcases the profound thinking of a theorist and the revolutionary reality.However,Gramsci＇s analysis of the aesthetic characteristics in science fiction has certain preconceived defects,as from the established theory.