明代河南流民的来源及其成因探析

An Analysis on the Origin and Its Cause of Henan Refugee in Ming Dynasty

元末明初河南因战乱人口稀少,因地缘之便利,陕西、山西、北直隶、山东等省的流民大量涌入河南与本地流民一起形成了一股庞大的流民队伍。这是复杂的制度、社会经济问题等多方面因素共同作用的结果。具体而言,外省大量流民产生主要在于封建贵族官僚地主强占农民土地、赋税徭役繁重等;河南本地流民的主要成因在于明政府赈济制度的缺失等。

Henan province is under-population because of war at the end of the yuan dynasty,the refugee of Shaanxi province,shanxi province,Beizhili and shandong province flooded into Henan province formed enormous refugee troops with the native refugee of Henan.It mainly due to complex system and socioeconomic problems.In detail,the reason which created a great number of refugee in other province is forcible occupying peasants＇ land and heavy taxes;and in Henan province is the absence of the public charity system.