美国幼儿教师教育标准及其启示——以全美幼儿教育协会为例

The Professional Standard of Pre-School Teachers' Education in America and Its Enlightenment——The Case of the National Association of the Education for Young Children

全美幼儿教育协会根据准幼儿教师的不同学历、不同水平,制定出了全国统一的核心标准和三套层次化的培养标准,指明了幼儿教师的培养方向,提高了幼儿教师的入职起点,为幼儿教师的专业发展奠定了良好的基础。我国的幼儿教师职前培养标准在价值取向方面应服务于每一个幼儿,重视教师专业知识和能力的发展,凸显评价的教育智慧,加强家庭和社区的伙伴关系;幼儿教师职前培养标准在设置时应表现出群体参与性、可操作性、层次化和发展性等特点。

National Association of the Education for Young Children（NAEYC）,according to preschool teachers＇ different academic degree and different professional levels,formulates a unified core standard and three sets of hierarchical training standards which indicate the teachers＇ training orientation,improve the teachers＇ starting level and lay a solid foundation for preschool teacher＇s professional development.As for the value orientation of pre-service training standard of preschool teachers,it should focus on every child,pay attention to the development of the teachers＇ professional knowledge and ability,stand out the function of evaluation,and strengthen the partnership of the family and the community.Meanwhile,the setup of the pre-service training standard of preschool teachers should represent the groups＇ participation,operability,hierarchical structure,characteristics of development and so on.