楤木属植物组织培养研究综述

Review on tissue culture of Aralia plants

阐述了国内外楤木属Aralia植物组织培养研究的现状与进展。外植体、培养基、植物生长调节物质对楤木属植物愈合组织、不定芽和体细胞胚诱导均产生重要影响,叶片、叶柄、嫩茎、顶芽、子叶、花序等均可用作初代培养的外植体,其中叶片和嫩茎是最常用的外植体;培养方式有固体培养和液体培养,其中液体培养通常用于体细胞胚的培养;MS(Murashige and Skoog)是最常用的基本培养基,培养基中植物生长调节剂种类、浓度及其配比是楤木属植物离体培养成功与否的关键因素,其中生长素对愈合组织诱导起到主要作用,脱落酸(ABA)可以有效调控体细胞胚同步化;楤木属植物生根容易,采用常规的炼苗移栽,成活率较高。楤木属植物体细胞胚胎发生调控的分子机制的研究尚处于初步阶段。

This paper reviews the main research progress on tissue culture of Aralia.The explants,medium and plant growth regulators（PGRs） have important impacts on Aralia＇s callus culture,adventitious bud and somatic embryogenesis.Leaf blade,leaf stalk,young stem,apical bud,cotyledon and inflorescence can all be used as explants in primary culture.Leaf blade and young stem are the most commonly used explants.Aralia is usually cultured in solid media and liquid media.Liquid media is commonly used for somatic embryos culture.MS（Murashige-Skoog） is a common basic medium for in vitro culture.The types,concentrations of PGRs,and their combinations in the medium are key factors for Aralia in vitro culture.Thereinto,auxin is the main factor for callus induction,ABA is used for synchronization for somatic embryogenesis.Rooting is easy to plantlets in vitro and plantlets adapted well to cultural substrate under normal acclimatization and transplants.Research on molecular regulation of somatic embryogenesis of Aralia is still in a preliminary stage.