精陶质卫生陶瓷坯体的开发与研究

Research and Development of Body Batch for Fine Pottery Sanitaryware

在生产工艺相同的前提下,陶瓷材料抵抗变形的能力本质上取决于制品的化学组成、矿物组成和显微结构。瓷质卫生陶瓷自身高液相含量决定了其高变形的固有特性,始终无法从根本上解决制品变形大的问题。通过引入适量煅烧高岭土,增加莫来石、石英等晶相含量,减少玻璃相含量,降低其高温塑性形变,实现精陶质卫生陶瓷低变形特性,并得出精陶质卫生陶瓷坯体配方适宜组成。XRD研究发现实验坯体莫来石、石英等晶相显著增加;而SEM观察实验坯体的气孔率高,玻璃相减少,因而相应的变形很小。采用实验最优配方的坯体变形度小于7mm,远远低于瓷质卫生陶瓷的变形度(20～30mm),完全能够满足制造极高规整度、大尺寸卫生陶瓷制品的要求。

Under the same manufacturing conditions,a ceramic product＇s resistance to deformation depends on its chemical composition,mineral composition and microstructure.Vitreous sanitary products usually have high liquid phase content and are,therefore,liable to high deformation.By employing a proper amount of calcined kaolin,increasing the crystal amounts of mullite and quartz,reducing the glass phase content and lowering the plastic deformation at a high temperature,the appropriate body formula for fine pottery sanitarywares with low deformation can be achieved.XRD analysis indicates the test sample has increased mullite and quartz crystals;SEM observation reveals the sample has higher porosity and lower glass content,and its deformation is reduced.The deformation of the sample prepared according to the optimized formula is below 7mm,far lower than that of the vitreous sanitaryware（20~30mm）,meeting the requirement for large-sized rigid-shaped sanitary products.