我国城市社区高血压防治现状及应对策略

Solution for the Current Situation of Prevention and Treatments and the Community Hypertension in Urban

目的:了解我国城市社区高血压防治措施和日常自我监测手段,为城市社区高血压患者和卫生服务提供方提供防治策略和建议。方法:在北京、南京和杭州分别随机抽取2个社区,在社区卫生服务机构的高血压管理册中随机抽取高血压患者家庭进行问卷调查,对调查结果做描述性统计分析。结果:58.1%的高血压患者同时采取药物治疗和非药物治疗措施来控制血压,但约3.4%的高血压患者没有采取任何治疗措施。日常的非药物控制手段主要是低盐饮食和体育锻炼(53.9%、53.0%);54.04%Ⅰ型患者能做到每周至少测1次血压,从未做过血糖和血脂监测的高血压患者比例分别为23.2%和22.7%。结论:城市社区高血压患者采用药物和非药物手段协同控制高血压的比例仍很低,非药物手段中低盐饮食和体育锻炼方法需继续引导和宣传;血压、血脂和血糖日常监测需要通过高血压规范管理给予加强。

Objective： Through survey and analysis of treatments and routine monitoring measures towards community hypertension in urban cities, some suggestions and strategies are provided to hypertensive and health care delivery institutions. Method： Sampling method was used to randomly select 300 hypertensions from hypertension management book in each community from Beijing, Nanjing and Hangzhou. Information was obtained by questionnaire survey. Result： 58.1% of all surveyed hypertensive control their blood pressure by drug and non-drug measures, While 3.4% of the hypertensive neglect to controlling their blood pressure for they don＇t think the hypertension is serious. Non-drug measure involve two main ways, namely by adopting a low-salt diet and physical exercise（53.9% and 53.0% respectively）.The analysis confirmed that only 54.01% of type I hypertensive can measure blood pressure weekly, meanwhile,23.2% and 22.7% of hypertensive have never blood sugar measurement and blood fat measurement respectively. Conclusion： The rate of both drug and non-drug measures adopted by community hypertensive remains low, and the low salt diet and physical exercise should be advocated and propaganda. Most hypertensive fail to monitor their blood pressure, lipid and glycerin routinely, which must be strengthened through hypertension standardized management.