高护新生应激、应对方式、人格与心理健康的相关研究

The Analysis Relationship between Stress,Coping Style,Personality and Mental Health from the Freshmen in School of Nursing

目的:研究高护新生应激、应对方式及人格特征与心理健康的相互关系。方法:采用随机整群取样,从本校高护新生中抽取118名学生作为调查对象。采用青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、应付方式问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ-RSC)及90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行问卷测评,并对相应结果进行相关分析。结果:高护新生日常压力排前三位的是学习压力(35.2%)、人际关系(26.84%)和健康适应(25.89%);应对行为采用率排前三位的是解决问题(69.0%)、求助(61.7%)和幻想(48.9%)。相关分析显示生活事件、自责、合理化式的应对及人格中的精神质(P)、神经质(N)与SCL-90总分呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);内外向(E)与SCL-90总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。对心理健康状况的多元回归分析显示主要影响因素有自责式应对、生活事件和人格的神经质(N),三个因素可解释心理健康状况变异量的47.2%。结论:高护新生心理健康状况与生活事件、应对方式和人格有关,其中自责式应对、生活事件和人格的神经质(N)是高护新生心理健康状况的主要影响因素。

Objective：To study the relationship between stress,coping style,personality and mental health from the freshmen in school of nursing.Methods：The 118 freshmen in school of nursing were assessed with ASLEC,Coping Style Questionnaire,EPQ-RSC and SCL-90.Results：The main stress was pressures of learning,interpersonal relationship and healthy adaption.The main coping style was solving problem,seeking help and illusions.Life events,self-accusation of coping style,rationalization,P and N had positive correlation with mental health（P0.05 or P0.01）.E had negative correlation with mental health（P0.05）.Multiple stepwise regression showed that the main factors that influents the mental health were the self-accusation of coping style,life events and N.They could explain 47.2% in the dependent variable.Conclusion：The mental health had close relationship between life events,coping style and personality from the freshmen in school of nursing.The self-accusation of coping style,life events and N were important influencing factors.