五四时期知识界的民主政制设计及论争

On Political Design and Controversy of Democracy of Intellectual in Period of May-forth Movement

对立宪民主的追求是近代中国政治的主旋律。然而五四时期,受激进主义与保守主义思潮的影响,在中国知识界中形成了不同的民主观,设计出了异样的民主政制。激进知识分子对民主的理解发生了根本转变,主张直接民权、平民政治、阶级政治等,而胡适学人群、研究系学人群等坚守民主的原本意义,主张代议政治、贤能政治、阶级调和等。重温五四时期知识界关于民主政制的设计及论争,对当前我国民主政治的发展具有一定的启示作用。

The theme of modern Chinese politics was pursuiting constitutional democracy.Hovever,the intellectuals put forward the different ideas of democracy and institution of democracy because of radical idea and conservative idea.The radical intellectuals came about fundmental change to understanding of democracy under the influence of radicalism and designed direct democracy,civil politics and class politics etc.On the other hand,the intellectuals of Hushi-Group and Research-School held fast to original meaning of democracy and advocated indirect democracy,excellent politics and class reconciliation etc.It is of benefit to the development of Chinese democratic political movement currently that we review the design and controversy of political system of democracy of intellectual in period of Five-four.