浅析「たて」和「ばかり」之差异

An Analysis of the Contrast Between "tate" and "(ta)bakari"

在当代日语的实际应用中,能表达动作刚刚结束,状态、结果刚刚形成的句式很多。动词连用形下的结尾词「…たて」和动词过去式后的副助词「…(た)ばかり」(相当于汉语的"刚…(好的)"、"新…"等意思)就是其中的一组。其用法、意义极为相似。可是,在语境、说话人的认识、理解和价值观等方面确有一定的差异。在尊重、借鉴各名家高论的基础上,以著名语言学家森田良行先生的《基礎日本語》一书为依据,就「たて」和「(た)ばかり」的用法、含义、论述等做一分析、归纳、添加,略陈管见。

There are quite a number of sentence patterns in expression of action done, condition and result formed immediately in modem practical Japanese. And ＂...tate＂, which the conjunctive form of verb is ending with and ＂... （ta）bakari＂, the adverb auxiliary word which is followed by past tense of verb are two of them. They are very similar in usage and sense. But, certain differences exist in context, the knowledge of speaking person, comprehension and sense of worth etc.. With the reference of some famous standpoins, the usage and implication of ＂tate＂ and ＂（ta）bakari＂ are analyzed, extrapolated and intercalated by my opinion in this paper according to ＂Basic Japanese＂ written by Chuo Koronsha, one of the famous linguists.