1Jorgen Sandberg,Understanding Human Competence at Work:An Interpretative Approach,Academy of Management Journal,2000,43(1):9-25.
2McClelland,D.C.Testing for competence rather than for "intelligence".American Psychologist,1973,28(1),pp.1-14.
3Spencer Jr.L.M.,Spencer S.M.Competence at work:Models for superior performance.New York:John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,1993.
4Anntoinette D.Lucia and Richard Lepsinger,The art and science of competency models.San Francisco:Jossey-Bassy /Pfeiffer,1999:5.
5Richard S Williams.Performance management,London:International Thomson Business Press,1998:119,100,104,105.
6Guiford.The Structure of intellect.Psychological Bullerin.Fleishmen & Quaintance.Taxonomies of Human Performance.New York:BantamBooks Patricia A Mclagan.Competencies:The Next Generation.Training & Development,1956,53:267-293,1997,51:40.
