液压挖掘机能量回收系统的仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Energy Recovery System for Hydraulic Excavator

普通液压挖掘机在典型工况下,动臂、斗杆和铲斗下降存在着巨大的势能浪费,并且由此而引起液压元件发热、失效等问题。针对这些情况,设计一种由换向阀、液压马达、发电机和蓄电池组成的能量回收系统。采用AMESim建立了挖掘机工作装置和液压系统的仿真模型。仿真结果表明:在一个工作周期中,动臂可回收能量最高,且其对应回收系统中蓄电池的荷电状态值(SOC)增加最多。所以在进行混合动力挖掘机设计时,优先对动臂的能量进行回收,可以在控制装机成本的情况下,最大程度地实现节能。

There is a huge waste of gravitational potential energy when the boom, arm and bucket drop down in the typical working condition of hydraulic excavator, and it causes hydraulic component fever, failure and other issues. For this situation, an energy recovery system composed of selector valve, hydraulic motor, generator and battery was designed. The simulation models of excavator working device and hydraulic system was established by AMESim. The simulation results show that in a working cycle, the boom has the maximum recoverable energy, and the battery＇ s state of charge （SOC） in the corresponding recovery system increases most. So during the design of hybrid excavator, the maximum energy-saving purpose can be achieved when the installed cost is controlled by giving priority to the boom＇ s energy recovery.