民机非包容性转子失效危害防护设计研究

Research on hazard protection design of uncontained rotor failure on commercial aircraft

民用飞机的发动机转子非包容性失效给飞机的安全运行带来巨大的风险,为了将这种转子非包容性失效可能带来的危害降至最小,需要合理的评估碎片的危害水平,以及采取合理的安全预防措施。尽管在FAA(Federal Aviation Administration)用于评估碎片危害水平的UEDDAM(Uncontained Engine Debris Damage Analysis Model)软件工具中采用了加强防护设计以减少碎片危害,但是没有对具体的分析流程和碎片能量衰减的计算模型进行说明。为此,在现有的碎片危害分析方法的基础上,考虑到碎片在侵彻过程中会有能量衰减,分析了降低碎片危害的三种安全预防措施,通过对比确定了加强防护设计对于降低碎片危害的重要意义及其分析的流程。通过对飞机结构中关键区域定义的理解,明确了在飞机的不同部位需要采取不同的加强防护设计,并详细介绍了整体加强防护设计和局部加强防护设计的流程。

The uncontained rotor failure of commercial aircraft turbines causes enormous risk to aircraft safe operation.In order to minimize the harm of uncontained rotor failure,it is necessary to evaluate fragments harm level rationally and adopt reasonable safety precaution.Even though the software tools of UEDDAM（Uncontained Engine Debris Damage Analysis Model）,which FAA（Federal Aviation Administration） has applied for the evaluation of uncontained rotor fragments harm level,adopt consolidation design of shielding to reduce the harm of fragments,it does not have the explanation of definite flow analysis and energy dissipation model.For this reason,on the basis of analysis methods of fragments hazard,considering the energy dissipation of the debris during the penetration,three measures on how to reduce the harm of commercial aircraft turbine rotor fragments were analyzed.By comparing above measures,the important significance of strengthen safe precautionary design for reducing the harm of debris and flow analysis were also determined.What＇s more,through understanding of the definition of key regions of the commercial aircraft this paper makes it clear that different region requires distinct consolidation design for shielding and describes in detail of the flow of the overall consolidation design and part consolidation design.