二硫化碳作业女工妊娠经过和妊娠结局的前瞻性研究

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES AND PREGNANT COMPLICATIONS OF WOMEN OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO CARBON DISULPHIDE

目的 探讨二硫化碳（ＣＳ２ ）对作业女工妊娠经过和妊娠结局的影响及标志女性生殖损伤观察指标的敏感性。方法 从观察对象确诊妊娠时，追踪每名女工的妊娠经过和妊娠结局并监测女工作业地点ＣＳ２ 浓度。结果 ６２３ 次妊娠结局结果表明：①接触组女工自然流产率７．７８％ 、死胎率１．１７％ 、新生儿死亡率 １４．６‰和出生缺陷率９．７‰，均略高于对照组，但差异均无显著性；早产率 ３．１１％ 、过期产率２．３３％ 、人工流产率 ８．９５％ 和足月分娩率 ７４．７１％ 以及新生儿体重、低体重儿出生率和性比等与对照组比较均无明显差异。新生儿体重有性别差异。②接触组女工妊娠剧吐、贫血、高血压综合征、先兆流产等并发症的发生率以及孕龄、孕期产前检查次数和孕期服药等与对照组比较均无明显差异；接触组女工孕期发热（≥３８℃）和搬运重物（≥２０ｋｇ／次）的频率增多（Ｐ 值分别为０．０１９ 和０．００６）。结论 ①女工在ＣＳ２ 平均浓度８．６７ｍ ｇ／ｍ ３ 下工作至孕时平均４．９８ 年时，对自然流产、死胎死产、新生儿死亡、出生缺陷、早产、过期产、足月产率、新生儿平均体重、低出生体重发生率、性比及妊娠并发症的发生率、孕龄等未见明显影响；②早早孕丢失和妊娠时间较?

Objective In order to detect the influences of carbon disulphide(CS 2)on reproductive outcomes and pregnant complications and to look for the sensitive indicators of indicating reproductive damages of women.Method Following up reproductive outcomes and pregnant complications of each subject and look over the levels of CS 2 women exposed.Result ①Spontaneous abortion (7.78%),newborn mortality(14.6‰),birth defects(9.7‰),premature delivery (3.11%),postmature delivery (2.33%),induced delivery(8.95%) and mature delivery (74.71%) in exposed group were same as those in control (P value were 0.105,0.690,0.878,0.554,0.798,0.982 and 0.364,respectively).Sex ratios of newborn and the rates of lower birth weights in two groups were alike.②There were no significant differences between two groups in pregnant complications,gestational age,medicines using and the numbers of examination during pregnancy.The frequencies of having a fever (≥38℃) and lifting (≥20kg/once time) were higher for exposed women (P value were 0.019 and 0.006).Conclusion ①It was shown that no significant differences were found between two groups for the indicators adove when women exposed to CS 2 for the average level of 8.67mg/m 3 and average period of 4.98 years at pregnancies.②It was considered that very early pregnant loss and time to pregnancy reported before in the same prospective cohort study were more sensitive than the indicators above for indicating reproductive damage of women.