抗震救灾医护人员的心理健康调查研究

Investigation of psychologically healthy of doctor and nurse in the earthquake relief work

目的了解参加"5.12"抗震救灾医护人员的心理健康情况。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对228名参加过"5.12"地震医疗救援工作的医生和护士进行调查,对被调查者按专业和性别进行分组,并进行组间对比分析。结果参与过抗震救灾的医护人员身体和心理均存在明显的问题,其中躯体症状、强迫、抑郁、焦虑等因子积分较高;女性组较男性组在躯体化(t=6.94,P=0.016<0.05)、抑郁(t=7.26,P=0.000<0.01)、焦虑(t=6.17,P=0.028<0.05)有明显差异;医生组较护士组仅在躯体化因子上具有显著差异(t=5.26;P=0.039<0.05);医护人员在应付方式上,男性组、女性组及医生组、护士组的SCSQ积分分别为(1.99±0.53)、(1.67±0.48)和(1.82±0.55)、(1.91±0.58)分,男性组与女性组相比,差异无显著性(t=3.72,P=0.124>0.05);医生组与护士组相比,差异无显著性(t=3.72,P=0.124>0.05)。结论紧急救援任务会给医护人员身体和心理带来伤害,但救死扶伤的职业道德促使医护人员仍有积极的行为方式。在救援结束后,医护人员往往成为医疗和心理帮助的对象。

Objective To investigate psychologically healthy of doctor and nurse in the earthquake relief work.Methods 228 doctor and nurse participates in 5.12 earthquake medical service rescue work were investigated with questionnaire（SCL-90 and SCSQ）.Results The doctor and nurse had obvious health problems including somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,depression and anxiety.Conclusion The emergency rescue mission will bring the body and the psychology injury of the doctor and nurse.