“国有企业补贴”的合法性分析——从中国诉美国双反措施案裁决谈起

The legality of "Treating goods provided by SOEs as subsidies" from the perspective of the US-Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Duties(China) decision

美国商务部通过运用"多数股权"标准,将我国涉案国有企业直接认定为公共机构,且通过证据规则的设定,得出了我国国有企业向下游厂商提供产品这一行为是"国有企业补贴"这一结论。在中国诉美国双反措施案中,上诉机构对此进行了否定,并认定公共机构的法律标准应当在于"政府权威"的行使。否定美国商务部这一结论,对我国而言具有重大的意义,我国应当采用包括法律、政治在内的各种手段,保证此裁决的顺利实施。

＂Treating goods provided by SOEs as subsidies＂ is the practice adopted by the US government.The US DOC,by adopting the ＂majority shareholder＂ standard,regards Chinese SOEs in all 15 investigations as ＂public body＂,and,by setting peculiar burdens of proof,has made the above-mentioned conclusion irrefutable.In US-Anti Dumping and Countervailing Duties,the Appellate Body ruled that the correct legal standard should be the exertion of ＂government authority＂.This decision is of great importance to China.The Chinese government should adopt legal as well as political measures in order to make certain of the implementation of this decision.