某市肾综合征出血热疫苗免疫效果评价

Vaccine Evaluation for the Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in One City

目的评价肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫苗的预防效果,为制定适宜的免疫接种方法提供依据。方法(1)选择西安市HFRS高发区县开展疫苗接种,计算疫苗接种率;(2)采用回顾性研究,对每位出血热患者进行流行病学调查;(3)检测血清IgG抗体,了解疫苗接种后抗体阳转率;(4)比较出血热患者中有、无疫苗接种史的发病的症状和临床分型差别。结果 (1)高发区县疫苗累计接种率为46.61%;(2)2005～2010年接种疫苗与未接种疫苗组发病率有明显差异(P<0.000 1),疫苗接种总保护率为94.67%;(3)出血热隐性感染率为3.28%,抗体阳转率为54.84%;(4)HFRS患者有、无疫苗接种史组的发病症状和临床分型有明显差异。结论接种疫苗可以预防肾综合征出血热,建议以16岁为阻断年龄段在我市大力推广HFRS疫苗接种。

Objective To evaluate the effect of the vaccine for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （ HFRS ） , and to develop appropriate immunization methods. Method Selecting high incidence counties in Xi＇an to take HFRS vaccine and to calculate vaccination coverage ; A retrospective study was carried out for epidemiological investigation ; serum IgG antibody was tested to calculate seroconversion rate after vaccination ; comparison of clinical symptoms and types between hemorrhagic fever patients with and without a history of vaccination. Result The cumulative vaccine coverage was 46.61% in high incidence counties. There had significantly difference for incidence between vaccine and non - vaccinated group （ P 〈0. 000 1 ） from 2005 to 2010, total protection rate after vaccination was 94.67%. The infection rate of recessive hemorrhagic fever was 3.28%, seroeonversion rate was 54.84%. The clinical symptoms and types had significant difference between HFRS patients with and without a history of vaccination. Conclusion vaccination can prevent HFRS, it is recommended to promote HFRS vaccination to block it at the age of 16 years in Xi＇an.