1961—2010年东北地区汛期极端降水的非均匀性特征

The non-uniformity characteristic of extreme precipitation in Northeast China during the flood period during 1961—2010

利用东北地区91站1961—2010年逐日降水资料,讨论东北地区汛期极端降水量的非均匀性分布特征。结果表明,东北地区极端降水量呈现由南向北逐渐减少的分布特征;极端降水主要集中出现在7月,东北地区中部极端降水出现相对比较分散,东北东部、北部、西部和南部出现比较集中;东北地区汛期纬度偏低地区极端降水量偏多,极端降水发生较晚,且较为集中,纬度偏高地区则反之。汛期极端降水量与集中度存在显著的负相关关系,即汛期极端降水量越多,极端降水越集中,特别是嫩江、松花江流域。

Based on daily precipitation data from 91 stations in Northeast China during the flood period from 1961 to 2010,the non-uniformity characteristic of extreme precipitation is analyzed.The main results are summarized as follows：the extreme precipitation amount gradually decreases from south to north and extreme precipitation mainly occurs in July;the extreme precipitation in central northeast is relatively dispersed whereas that in other areas is more concentrated;extreme precipitation amount of the lower-latitude regions is above the normal value and extreme precipitation occurs later and more intensively while it is the opposite situation in higher-latitude regions;there is a significant negative correlation between the amount and the concentration degree of extreme precipitation,which means the larger the extreme precipitation amount is,the more concentrated the extreme precipitation is,especially in the valley of Nen River and Songhua River.