血清microRNA的检测及临床应用进展

Progress of Serum microRNA Detection and Clinical Application

microRNA(miRNA)能够通过与靶mRNA的3'非翻译区的互补序列特异性地结合而调节基因表达,在生命和病理过程中扮演着重要角色。近年来的研究结果显示,miRNA在血清中稳定表达,在疾病状态下其表达谱发生异常改变,因而可将血清miRNA作为潜在的生物标志物用于疾病的诊断,也可作为疾病治疗有效性的观察指标。目前,血清miRNA在肿瘤、免疫疾病、肝炎等的诊治中发挥着重要作用。现就血清miRNA的形成、检测方法及其在临床应用的进展予以综述。

MicroRNA（miRNA）regulates gene expression and plays a key role in many biological and pathological processes through binding to complementary sequences in the 3′UTR of target mRNA specifically.In recent years,studies have shown that miRNA has stable expression in serum,furthermore in some disease states their expression profiles have abnormal changes.Therefore,we can use serum miRNA as a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis and observed indicators of the effectiveness of the treatment.At present,serum miRNAs play a critical role in the diagnosis of tumors,immunological diseases and hepatitis.Here is to make a review on the progress of the serum miRNA formation,detection and clinical application.