摘要
指出了以往三相周界的受力和运动过程分析方法存在的问题，提出了一种对称补偿分析方法．该方法是在对称的"U"型微细毛管中测量不平衡力并观察液体表面的运动情况．由于"U"型毛管和毛管两端液面的对称性，外界使界面张力的漂移相互抵消，使三相周界的受力和运动过程不受外界漂移因素的影响．由于微细毛管对三相周界的受力情况具有放大的作用，测定的精度比接触角测量法高许多倍．该方法还观察到在三相周界上存在一种永久性的静摩擦力特性的力，即这种力在一定范围内，大小与不平衡外力相等、方向相反，使三相周界永久性地固定不动．根据静摩擦应力的概念，结合Young公式考虑的三种界面张力，提出了新的润湿力学模型，由此获得新的润湿接触角计算公式，其计算结果与实验有很好的一致性．
The paper points out the problem of the method tO analyses the process and the move. In the paper a new method called as symmetry compensation analyses method. In the method the effecting on the surface of out foers and the move of the surface are observed and measured in a 'U' type micro capillary. Due to the symmetry of capillaries and the surfaces tension, the drifts of the surfaces are counteracted. This makes the all surface tension and move are not effected by many dna factors. Because the capillary is very thin, the measure of unbalanced on the boundary is much more accuracy. Due to the same reason, the effecting of three kinds of interfaces taken into countering in Young equation are counteracted. Such the effecting on the boundary of non-interface tension can be researched more careful.Using the method, a permanent static frictional force on the boundary is discovered. The force characteristic is that the form, in certain range, is equal to outer unbalance force, the direction is opposite, it make the boundary can not move permanently under some unbalance form. The discovery is proved by vibrating experiment. The conception of three phases boundary static frictional stress is put forward in the paper from the permanent static frictional force.From the new sirers and three kind of interfaces tension taken into countering in Young equation, a new Mechanics Model for Wetting is put forward. From the new model, a new equation for calculating wetting contacting angle is obtained. The new equation does not exist the problem that can not express wetting hysteresis phonon.
基金
中国石油天然气总公司中青年创新基金
