地下水环境健康分功能模糊评价方法

Function-based Fuzzy Diagnosis of Groundwater Environment Health

以往的地下水环境健康研究忽视了单个地下水功能对地下水环境健康的决定作用,因此当不同功能的健康程度差别较大时,地下水环境健康的模糊评价结果被平均化,而得到不合理的结论。提出分功能模糊评价方法,并用其评价郑州、开封、新乡和濮阳四城市地下水环境健康状况。结果表明:分功能模糊评价方法不仅可以得到研究区地下水环境的整体健康状况,而且能得到地下水环境不同的功能或属性的健康状况,能够反映研究区地下水的保护、开发和管理的重点。此外,虽然采用数学方法选择评价因子能够避免人类的主观臆断,提高工作效率,但它可能会忽略重要因子或引入扰动因子,所以需要人工检查数学方法筛选出的评价因子。客观赋权方法无法根据各因子的实际意义给出各因子的合理权重,因此需要人工检查和调整各因子权重的分配,从而避免得出错误的评价结果。

Former researchers ignored that the groundwater environment health（GEH） could be decided by any groundwater function instead of the combination of all the groundwater functions.If the health statuses of different functions exhibited polarization,the fuzzy evaluation of GEH in former researches would be equalized.And the flattened evaluation might lead to unreasonable groundwater protection and utilization decision.Function-based fuzzy diagnosis（FFD） was intent on repairing these drawbacks.It was applied on the GEH assessment of four cities： Zhengzhou,Kaifeng,Xinxiang and Puyang.Besides the integrated GEH,the health statuses of different groundwater functions were also identified.The results of FFD could show the key point of the groundwater protection and utilization decision.Moreover,mathematical methods could be used to select thefactors,because they could avoid the subjective assume and improve the evaluation efficiency.However,it could not express the nature of the GHS completely,even might miss important factors or bring in disturbing factors.Therefore,artificial inspection was required to examine the factors selected by mathematical method.Furthermore,objective weight selection could not give each factor a proper weight based on the nature of the factor,so artificial examination and adjustment were required in order to avoid the wrong diagnosis on groundwater environment health.